Education policy has a strong role to play in the future take up of languages at GCSE. That is why the department is continuing to fund the National Consortium for Languages Education to deliver online continuing professional development for teachers and a new model of languages support for schools. The new programme will have national reach as it is not constrained by geography or limited by the number of schools it can support.

The department announced an initial teacher training financial incentives package worth up to £233 million for the 2025/26 recruitment cycle, which is a £37 million increase on the last cycle. This includes tax-free bursaries available to eligible trainee teachers of modern foreign languages of £26,000. We have also increased tax-free scholarships to the value of £28,000 for trainee teachers of French, German and Spanish, and are continuing to offer bursaries and scholarships to all non-UK national trainees in languages.

Oak National Academy has also been funded to provide modern foreign languages lesson resources for schools in England across key stages 2, 3 and 4. These resources will be released in full by autumn 2025, helping the languages teachers who use them to prepare high quality classroom teaching and reduce their workload.

The requested information is shown in the following table. Data relating to 2025 will be published in autumn 2025.

Percentage of pupils entering modern language GCSEs at the end of key stage 4

To note:

• The data covers all schools in England.
• Percentages represent the percentage of pupils at the end of key stage 4 who entered each GCSE subject.
• 'Z' denotes that no data was available.
• 'Other Modern Languages' is not comparable over time. The languages included in 'Other Modern Languages' have changed since 2009/10. If a modern language was reported as the individual subject for the academic year, then it will not have been included in the Other Modern Languages group. For example, Italian was included in Other Modern Languages in 2019/20, but was reported as a separate subject in 2009/10 and 2014/15.
• Data is revised.

Information on the school workforce, including the number of teachers in each school phase and type, can be found here: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/school-workforce-in-england/2023.

As of November 2023, there were 468,693 full-time equivalent (FTE) teachers employed in state-funded schools. There were 461,105 FTE teachers in 2020, 456,973 in 2015 and 441,354 in 2010. There was a ratio of 18.1:1 pupils to teachers in state-funded schools in the 2023/24 academic year, 18:1 in 2020/21, 17.3:1 in 2015/16, and 17.1:1 in 2010/11.

School workforce statistics as of November 2024 will be published in June 2025.

The department does not have forecasts of the number of teachers that will be employed by schools. However, as part of the calculations to estimate postgraduate initial teacher training (PGITT) recruitment targets, the Teacher Workforce Model estimates the likely supply of teachers for state-funded primary and secondary schools in England for the next two years.

Within modelling calculations published as part of the ‘2025/26 postgraduate ITT targets publication’, the department estimated a primary qualified teacher supply of 213,031 in 2024/25 and 211,909 in 2025/26. For secondary, the equivalent figures were 209,171 in 2024/25 and 209,763 in 2025/26. This modelling can be accessed at: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/postgraduate-initial-teacher-training-targets/2025-26.

The 2025/26 target for primary PGITT trainees has fallen by 1,750 compared to 2024/25, from 9,400 to 7,650, which represents an 18.6% fall. This fall was principally a result of more rapidly falling pupil numbers, and more favourable forecasts for both the future retention of teachers and the recruitment of newly-qualified entrants that defer entry into the profession.

The 2025/26 target for secondary PGITT trainees decreased by 4,685 compared to 2024/25, from 23,955 to 19,270, which represents a 19.6% fall.

This fall was driven by more favourable secondary supply forecasts this year, helped by a boost in PGITT recruitment, which is expected to deliver greater numbers of newly qualified teachers in the future. In particular, there was an increase of 2,000 trainees in secondary initial teacher training recruitment between 2023/24 and 2024/25. Additionally, the department’s most recent pay award is forecasted to improve teacher retention levels further and thus reduce future workforce losses.

The department does not collect information on subjects taught in primary schools.

Information on the school workforce, including the number of teachers in each school phase and type, can be found here: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/school-workforce-in-england/2023.

As of November 2023, there were 468,693 full-time equivalent (FTE) teachers employed in state-funded schools. There were 461,105 FTE teachers in 2020, 456,973 in 2015 and 441,354 in 2010. There was a ratio of 18.1:1 pupils to teachers in state-funded schools in the 2023/24 academic year, 18:1 in 2020/21, 17.3:1 in 2015/16, and 17.1:1 in 2010/11.

School workforce statistics as of November 2024 will be published in June 2025.

The department does not have forecasts of the number of teachers that will be employed by schools. However, as part of the calculations to estimate postgraduate initial teacher training (PGITT) recruitment targets, the Teacher Workforce Model estimates the likely supply of teachers for state-funded primary and secondary schools in England for the next two years.

Within modelling calculations published as part of the ‘2025/26 postgraduate ITT targets publication’, the department estimated a primary qualified teacher supply of 213,031 in 2024/25 and 211,909 in 2025/26. For secondary, the equivalent figures were 209,171 in 2024/25 and 209,763 in 2025/26. This modelling can be accessed at: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/postgraduate-initial-teacher-training-targets/2025-26.

The 2025/26 target for primary PGITT trainees has fallen by 1,750 compared to 2024/25, from 9,400 to 7,650, which represents an 18.6% fall. This fall was principally a result of more rapidly falling pupil numbers, and more favourable forecasts for both the future retention of teachers and the recruitment of newly-qualified entrants that defer entry into the profession.

The 2025/26 target for secondary PGITT trainees decreased by 4,685 compared to 2024/25, from 23,955 to 19,270, which represents a 19.6% fall.

This fall was driven by more favourable secondary supply forecasts this year, helped by a boost in PGITT recruitment, which is expected to deliver greater numbers of newly qualified teachers in the future. In particular, there was an increase of 2,000 trainees in secondary initial teacher training recruitment between 2023/24 and 2024/25. Additionally, the department’s most recent pay award is forecasted to improve teacher retention levels further and thus reduce future workforce losses.

The department does not collect information on subjects taught in primary schools.

Information on the school workforce, including the number of teachers in each school phase and type, can be found here: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/school-workforce-in-england/2023.

As of November 2023, there were 468,693 full-time equivalent (FTE) teachers employed in state-funded schools. There were 461,105 FTE teachers in 2020, 456,973 in 2015 and 441,354 in 2010. There was a ratio of 18.1:1 pupils to teachers in state-funded schools in the 2023/24 academic year, 18:1 in 2020/21, 17.3:1 in 2015/16, and 17.1:1 in 2010/11.

School workforce statistics as of November 2024 will be published in June 2025.

The department does not have forecasts of the number of teachers that will be employed by schools. However, as part of the calculations to estimate postgraduate initial teacher training (PGITT) recruitment targets, the Teacher Workforce Model estimates the likely supply of teachers for state-funded primary and secondary schools in England for the next two years.

Within modelling calculations published as part of the ‘2025/26 postgraduate ITT targets publication’, the department estimated a primary qualified teacher supply of 213,031 in 2024/25 and 211,909 in 2025/26. For secondary, the equivalent figures were 209,171 in 2024/25 and 209,763 in 2025/26. This modelling can be accessed at: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/postgraduate-initial-teacher-training-targets/2025-26.

The 2025/26 target for primary PGITT trainees has fallen by 1,750 compared to 2024/25, from 9,400 to 7,650, which represents an 18.6% fall. This fall was principally a result of more rapidly falling pupil numbers, and more favourable forecasts for both the future retention of teachers and the recruitment of newly-qualified entrants that defer entry into the profession.

The 2025/26 target for secondary PGITT trainees decreased by 4,685 compared to 2024/25, from 23,955 to 19,270, which represents a 19.6% fall.

This fall was driven by more favourable secondary supply forecasts this year, helped by a boost in PGITT recruitment, which is expected to deliver greater numbers of newly qualified teachers in the future. In particular, there was an increase of 2,000 trainees in secondary initial teacher training recruitment between 2023/24 and 2024/25. Additionally, the department’s most recent pay award is forecasted to improve teacher retention levels further and thus reduce future workforce losses.

The department does not collect information on subjects taught in primary schools.

The data is published in the annual key stage 2 attainment official statistical release and provided in the table below:

Percentage of pupils meeting the expected standard in reading, writing and mathematics (combined), 2024

The key stage 2 attainment official statistical release is available here: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/key-stage-2-attainment/2023-24.

The March Church of England Primary School in Chichester is not eligible to receive targeted support from a regional improvement in standards and excellence (RISE) adviser, as it was rated ‘Good’ in its most recent Ofsted inspection in March 2023. However, the school will be able to access the new RISE universal support service which is being launched. Through this service, the school will have access to training packages, networking and best practice through specialist hubs, to support its improvement.

In 2027/28 we will be spending £13.4 billion more on defence than we do today. Our cash spend in 24/25 is £66.3 billion and our cash spend in 27/28 will be £79.7 billion.

HMT continuously monitors external developments and potential impacts on the UK economy and is committed to considering what actions are best to promote and safeguard UK business interests.

Global trade is an important driver of global and domestic growth; increased trade barriers and increased uncertainty about trade policies between partners will be detrimental to the global and UK economies. We are clear – as a very open economy – that free and open global trade is in our national interest.

The Government has no plans to review the National Trust Acts. The National Trust is an independent charity, run by its board of Trustees who are responsible for the organisation’s governance.

The accounts and annual reports of all registered charities with an income of over £25,000 are freely accessible on the public register of charities provided by the Charity Commission on gov.uk. These provide detailed information on the charity’s income and expenditure, which can help the public better understand the charity and its finances.

To qualify for automatic home fee status in England, a person must have settled status or ‘a recognised connection’ to the UK. In the case of persons with settled status, they must be ordinarily resident in the UK and Islands (Channel Islands and Isle of Man) for three years prior to the first day of the first academic year of the course.

Subject to meeting the normal eligibility requirements, Hong Kong British National Overseas status holders will be able to qualify for home fee status and student finance once they have acquired settled status in the UK, usually after five years. Most persons who acquire settled status will automatically meet the three-year ordinary residence requirement for home fee status and student finance.

The subject of OFCOM’s investigations are services rather than individual persons. The details of these investigations are published on OFCOM’s website.

OFGEM also publishes details of its investigations on its website.

The Competition and Markets Authority exercised the power to identify persons under investigation in seven cases in 2021; ten cases in 2022; and in five cases in 2023. In some of these cases multiple parties have been identified.

The Financial Reporting Council has not exercised the power in any of the past three years.

The Department for Business and Trade does not hold centrally evidence on whether regulators have disclosed identities of a person under investigation when it has not been in the public interest.

The CMA’s informant reward programme is an important tool in uncovering cartel activity. Payments have been made under the informant rewards programme.

The CMA does not provide figures about the levels or numbers of such payments. Given the number of CMA cases, divulging even aggregated payment figures could over time risk allowing the identification of cases having a whistleblower. This could put whistleblowers at risk and undermine the programme as a whole.

Informant reward payments are directly covered by the CMA’s budget.

Last year as part of the Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules published by the department on 17 July, an Impact Assessment was prepared setting out the impact from these Immigration Rules changes. This included analysis on student visas and net migration.

The Impact Assessment is subject to final departmental clearances and will be published in due course.

Last year as part of the Statement of Changes in Immigration Rules published by the department on 17 July, an Impact Assessment was prepared setting out the impact from these Immigration Rules changes. This included analysis on student visas and net migration.

The Impact Assessment is subject to final departmental clearances and will be published in due course.

The Home Office publishes data on how people move through the immigration system in the Migrant Journey report. The report contains information on the number of people starting a journey each year broken down by immigration route (e.g. study) and applicant type (e.g. dependant), and how long they continued to hold leave to remain in the UK. The latest report covers up to the end of 2022 and shows that for those who started their journey on a Study visa in 2017, 20% of main applicants and 26% of dependants held valid leave five years later. The report looks at periods when people held valid leave which does not necessarily mean they were in the UK.

The Home Office publishes data on how people move through the immigration system in the Migrant Journey report. The report contains information on the number of people starting a journey each year broken down by immigration route (e.g. study) and applicant type (e.g. dependant), and how long they continued to hold leave to remain in the UK. The latest report covers up to the end of 2022 and shows that for those who started their journey on a Study visa in 2017, 20% of main applicants and 26% of dependants held valid leave five years later. The report looks at periods when people held valid leave which does not necessarily mean they were in the UK.

The Home Office published an Impact Assessment in March 2021 prior to the introduction of the Graduate route, which can be found at this link: Impact Assessment template (publishing.service.gov.uk). In addition, the Home Office publishes Migrant journey statistics which look at how migrants’ leave status changes over time. Future updates to this should provide insights into what people on the Graduate route do after their leave has expired.

The Impact Assessment for the EU Withdrawal Bill estimated that of those non-EEA migrants that arrived in or after 2013 and who came to accompany and join, 41% were in employment.

The Home Office continues to review the evidence around employment of dependants.