The UK does not import wood pellets or biomass from North Korea for fuel or electricity generation. There are no plans to import wood pellets or biomass from North Korea.

The UK does not import wood pellets or biomass from Afghanistan for fuel or electricity generation. There are no plans to import wood pellets or biomass from Afghanistan.

Emissions from importing wood pellets are constrained by biomass sustainability requirements. The supply chain emissions threshold for large scale biomass electricity generators to receive support is capped at 55.6gCO2e/MJ. This threshold will be tightened further under proposed future arrangements with Drax to 36.6 gCO2e/MJ.

Compliance with sustainability criteria under the Renewables Obligation and Contracts for Difference schemes are a matter for Ofgem, as the independent energy regulator, and LCCC, as the counterparty to the CfD.

Large scale biomass generators, such as Drax, do also publish emissions data as part of their annual ESG reports.

The Department estimates future greenhouse gas emissions (including carbon dioxide) on a territorial basis, meaning emissions that occur within UK borders. This is the approach required by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the UK’s Climate Change Act 2008. The latest estimate is published here: Energy and emissions projections - GOV.UK.

Defra publishes consumption-based emissions statistics, calculated by the University of Leeds, which include emissions associated with imported goods and services. This can be found here: Carbon footprint for the UK and England to 2021 - GOV.UK.

The Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) has 162 plant health inspectors in post covering England and Wales.

This number includes all inspectors working at border control points (BCPs), inspection centres and control points. This number cannot be broken down to specify the number of inspectors specifically at BCPs because inspectors often cover multiple sites. The inspectors cover all work for the EU, and the rest of the world including work at ports and inland.

The number does not include new inspectors which APHA is currently onboarding or who are currently at the job offer stage of recruitment.

The Government works closely with industry to maintain a detailed picture of foreign involvement in critical national infrastructure. Foreign involvement in critical national infrastructure undergoes the highest levels of scrutiny, with the government and industry working alongside each other to monitor and mitigate the security risks in the energy sector and its supply chain. A positive trading relationship benefits both the UK and China, and we continue to recognise the importance of trade and investment from China, with whom we will co-operate where we can, compete where we need to, and challenge where we must.

The Government recently announced its support for the Animal Welfare (Import of Dogs, Cats and Ferrets) Bill, a Private Members’ Bill sponsored by Dr Danny Chambers MP. The Bill will give the government powers to prevent the supply of low-welfare pets to Great Britain’s pet market. We will use these powers to prohibit the bringing into Great Britain of cats that are more than 42 days pregnant.

We are fully supportive of this Bill and would like to see it pass through both Houses as soon as Parliamentary time allows.

The UK is committed to confronting the scourge of modern-day slavery and working in partnership with producing countries to achieve sustainability in all supply chains, including the garment trade.

The Government's Overseas Business Risk guidance makes clear to UK companies the risks of operating in certain regions and urges them to conduct appropriate due diligence when making business decisions. The Modern Slavery Act requires in-scope businesses to publish modern slavery statements annually including on the steps taken to prevent modern slavery in their supply chains.

The Department does not hold information on the percentage of solar panels installed in the UK that were imported from China in 2022.

The Department does not hold information on the percentage of solar panels installed in the UK that were manufactured in China.

The Department does not routinely collect data on the source manufacturer of wind turbines installed in the UK. However, regular engagement with industry indicates that the majority of wind turbines, both onshore and offshore, are sourced from European manufacturers, such as Vestas or Siemens Gamesa.

The tables below show the quantities of vehicles procured for the British Army since 2010 and whether they were manufactured in the UK or imported. As the tables show more than half were manufactured in the UK.

To note, the four imported Boxer are currently being used in trials by the Army.

Vehicles Procured since 2010, built in the United Kingdom.

Vehicles procured since 2010, imported.

Defra does not hold the requested information.

The Office for National Statistics publishes data on UK manufacturers’ sales by product: UK manufacturers' sales by product - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk). This dataset can be used to find specific types of farm machinery. Data for 2022 will be released on 24 July.

HM Revenue and Customs publishes information on Overseas Trade in Goods Statistics, which is available via its dedicated website (www.uktradeinfo.com). From this website, it is possible to build data tables based on bespoke search criteria. All goods imported are given a classification code. These are available from the UK Trade Tariff.

Great Britain's plant health regime is risk-based, and the history of compliance of specific trades (where the trade is the combination of a specific commodity from a specific origin) is a significant factor in determining biosecurity risk. Defra has recently consulted on a revised system of import inspection frequencies, to reflect better the level of biosecurity risk associated with particular categories of commodities. Taking account of views expressed by stakeholders, new arrangements will be implemented from July 2022 and will be kept under review to determine any future changes required.

While the biosecurity risk of imported goods is largely trade based, there are areas where trader considerations may also play a role. Defra are currently exploring future options in relation to the Target Operating Model, including the possibility of trusted trader arrangements for plant health imports. Any proposal will be consulted thoroughly with stakeholders.

The end of the transition period has opened up new opportunities for managing our own pet travel and commercial importation rules. We are actively listening to the concerns of stakeholders and the Government is considering options to strengthen our efforts to tackle puppy smuggling and prevent the low-welfare importation and movement of these animals including looking at the minimum age of dogs entering Great Britain (GB).

These options will take into consideration the results from our latest disease risk assessments for GB, recommendations of stakeholders such as the British Veterinary Association and Dogs Trust, and recent Parliamentary work from the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Select Committee.

From 1 January 2021, Great Britain (GB) is introducing a phased import regime for EU goods to maintain biosecurity and keep trade as frictionless as possible. The phased EU import regime will allow time for trade to adapt to the new import requirements for EU goods.

GB plant health authorities are undertaking significant recruitment to increase the number of plant health inspectors to service the demand for import and export checks and certification. We will have sufficient resources to meet demand from 1 January 2021 and ensure minimal disruption to trade. GB plant health services are currently reviewing their operating hours to make sure that biosecurity standards will continue to be met and strengthened in ways that support trade and the smooth the flow of goods while minimising the burden on businesses.

We have maintained regular engagement with the horticultural industry on post-transition period planning, both with individual operators and through key stakeholder groups. This includes fora such as the Plant Health Advisory Forum, the Tree Health Policy Group and the Ornamental Horticulture Roundtable Group, as well as frequent bilateral engagement with key stakeholders such as the Horticultural Trade Association, Fresh Produce Consortium, the National Farmers Union and the Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association. Most recently we have undertaken a series of end-to-end feasibility sessions with more than 300 participants, and equivalent export sessions. Alongside these feasibility sessions Defra is hosting a series of webinars open to all, on the new plant health requirements for imports, exports, and internal movement.

It is important that plant health services are properly financed to provide assurance for imports of plants and produce and to protect our nation’s biosecurity. In line with HM Treasury rules, the Animal and Plant Health Agency recovers the cost of delivering these services from the businesses that use them. APHA regularly reviews its fees to ensure they are reflective of the cost of delivery and that they do not over-recover.

For goods imported from the EU, GB will be carrying out a phased implementation of import checks which will be aligned to the risks posed by different regulated commodities. Lower risk goods will receive a lower frequency of checks. Fees therefore need to be adapted to ensure there is no over-recovery of costs. We will begin charging for import services, on goods arriving from the EU, from 1April 2021. This will enable a more accurate calculation of the fees and will allow businesses and government to implement the change successfully.

In 2017 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) published ‘Fake Goods, Real Losses – Trade in Counterfeit Products and the UK Economy’. This report available at https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/trade-in-counterfeit-products-and-the-uk-economy_9789264279063-en was updated in 2019. The most recent report estimates that the value of imports of counterfeit and pirated goods to the UK accounted for as much as GBP 13.6 billion in 2016.

The report also provides information on the value of counterfeit goods sold in the UK and their originating countries.