The table below provides a breakdown of extraditions between the UK and the US between 2003 and 2019.

All figures are from local management information and have not been quality assured to the level of published National Statistics. As such they should be treated as provisional and therefore subject to change. The figures do not include Scotland, which deals with its own extradition cases.

Since 2003, the following have been extradited from the US to the UK:

We have taken non-violent offences to include:

• Fraud
• Drug related offences
• Theft
• Forgery
• Money laundering
• Handling stolen goods
• Obtaining property by deception
• Tax evasion
• Unlicensed exporting of goods
• Obstruction of justice
• Bribery
• Robbery
• Child Abduction

All figures are from local management information, and have not been quality assured to the level of published National Statistics. As such they should be treated as provisional and therefore subject to change. The figures do not include Scotland, which deals with its own extradition cases.

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 allows the Government to place obligations on telecommunications operators or postal operators through a Technical Capability Notice or National Security Notice.

The Act governs these notices and provides extensive privacy safeguards and a robust oversight regime, including approval of notices by an independent Judicial Commissioner.

For reasons of national security, it would be not be appropriate to disclose the number of Technical Capability Notices and National Security Notices issued.

The Investigatory Powers Commissioner (IPC) recently published its annual report for 2018. The report includes comprehensive data on the IPC office’s structures and processes for overseeing the Intelligence Services.

It also includes specific chapters on each of the main UK intelligence agencies. The Prime Minister commended this report to both Houses on 5 March.

The report demonstrates the high quality of oversight of our intelligence and security agencies. The Home Office maintains regular contact with the IPC and his office at Ministerial and official level to ensure that they are resourced and equipped to carry out its statutory duties.

It is a longstanding UK Government policy not to comment on intelligence matters, however the security services have confirmed that there are around 600 subjects of interest, who have travelled to the region of the Syria/ Iraq conflict from the UK.

During 2014 a total of 165 Syria-related arrests were made by Police officers across the country for suspected offences including terrorist financing, preparation of acts to commit terrorism and attending a terrorist training camp. This compares to 25 Syria related arrests for the whole of 2013. Of the 165 arrested last year, over 60 have so far been charged with terrorism-related offences and 13 convicted.

It is a longstanding UK Government policy not to comment on intelligence matters, however the security services have confirmed that there are around 600 subjects of interest, who have travelled to the region of the Syria/ Iraq conflict from the UK.

During 2014 a total of 165 Syria-related arrests were made by Police officers across the country for suspected offences including terrorist financing, preparation of acts to commit terrorism and attending a terrorist training camp. This compares to 25 Syria related arrests for the whole of 2013. Of the 165 arrested last year, over 60 have so far been charged with terrorism-related offences and 13 convicted.

It is a longstanding UK Government policy not to comment on intelligence matters, however the security services have confirmed that there are around 600 subjects of interest, who have travelled to the region of the Syria/ Iraq conflict from the UK.

During 2014 a total of 165 Syria-related arrests were made by Police officers across the country for suspected offences including terrorist financing, preparation of acts to commit terrorism and attending a terrorist training camp. This compares to 25 Syria related arrests for the whole of 2013. Of the 165 arrested last year, over 60 have so far been charged with terrorism-related offences and 13 convicted.

Around 600 people from the UK who are of interest to the security services are thought to have travelled to the region since the start of the conflict.

Communications data is a vital tool needed by law enforcement agencies to investigate crime, protect the public and ensure national security. These
agencies’ capability to access this data when it is needed is degrading as a result of rapidly changing technology. The figures quoted in the speech at
Mansion House on 24 June demonstrate the impact that capability gaps are having on investigations.

With reference to the 13 incidents involving children, these cases could not be pursued because the data needed to identify them from their activities online was not available. The current status of these children is therefore unknown. Where the Single Point of Contact in a law enforcement agency knows that data is not held by the service provider in question, they will not process a request for the data in the first place (as it would not be an appropriate use of their powers under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000).

Communications data is a vital tool needed by law enforcement agencies to investigate crime, protect the public and ensure national security. These
agencies’ capability to access this data when it is needed is degrading as a result of rapidly changing technology. The figures quoted in the speech at
Mansion House on 24 June demonstrate the impact that capability gaps are having on investigations.

With reference to the 13 incidents involving children, these cases could not be pursued because the data needed to identify them from their activities online was not available. The current status of these children is therefore unknown. Where the Single Point of Contact in a law enforcement agency knows that data is not held by the service provider in question, they will not process a request for the data in the first place (as it would not be an appropriate use of their powers under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000).

Communications data is a vital tool needed by law enforcement agencies to investigate crime, protect the public and ensure national security. These
agencies’ capability to access this data when it is needed is degrading as a result of rapidly changing technology. The figures quoted in the speech at
Mansion House on 24 June demonstrate the impact that capability gaps are having on investigations.

With reference to the 13 incidents involving children, these cases could not be pursued because the data needed to identify them from their activities online was not available. The current status of these children is therefore unknown. Where the Single Point of Contact in a law enforcement agency knows that data is not held by the service provider in question, they will not process a request for the data in the first place (as it would not be an appropriate use of their powers under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000).

As the Secretary of State for the Home Department, my right hon. Friend the Member for Maidenhead (Mrs May) made clear in the statement made to the House on 10 July 2014, Official Report, columns 456-59, communications data is an absolutely fundamental tool in the investigation of serious crime. The Crown Prosecution Service Organised Crime Division has indicated that communications data plays a role in 95% of the serious and organised crime cases that they handle. An Association of Chief Police Officers’ survey from 2012 demonstrated the wide range of serious crime types that communications data is used to investigate, including terrorism, drugs trafficking and child abuse. Total crime figures, recorded by the police, and including breakdowns by crime type, can be found on the Office for National Statistics website.

Law enforcement agencies do not routinely make a record of all of the investigatory techniques that they use when investigating individual crimes, as there is no operational reason to do so. However, Keith Bristow, Director General of the National Crime Agency, made clear in his speech to the Police Foundation on 24 June that communications data is most commonly used in the investigation of the most serious offences, such as murder, rape and kidnap, and that communications data is overwhelmingly the most powerful tool available to those investigating child sexual exploitation.

Section 94 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 states that the Secretary of State may issue directions in the interests of national security. When disclosure of these directions would be contrary to interests of national security or relations with the government of a country or territory outside the United Kingdom or the commercial interests of any person, these are not laid before the House. Consistent with the practice of successive Governments, we do not comment on national security matters.

Section 94 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 states that the Secretary of State may issue directions in the interests of national security and, as with the practice of previous Governments, we do not comment on security matters.

[holding answer 4 February 2014]: Section 94 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 states that the Secretary of State may issue directions in the interests of national security and, as with the practice of previous Governments, we do not comment on security matters.

Public authorities granted powers to acquire either the content of communications under an interception warrant, or communications data may retain these data once acquired, under relevant stringent safeguards.

Telephone communications data are held by the relevant communications service providers for their business purposes and where required under data retention legislation. The police and other public authorities approved by Parliament can only acquire those data where necessary and proportionate to do so.

A small number of public authorities (such as the intelligence agencies and National Crime Agency) may also seek interception warrants under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act, which may authorise the collection of related communications data.

Communications data acquired by public authorities are subject to stringent safeguards in accordance with RIPA and the Data Protection Act. Independent oversight is provided by one or more of the Interception of Communications Commissioner, the Intelligence Services Commissioner, and the Information Commissioner who check the acquisition, storage and use of such data is lawful.

[holding answer 1 November 2013]: I can confirm that the Wilson Doctrine continues to apply. I refer my hon. Friend to the answer given by my noble Friend, the right hon. Lord Wallace of Saltaire to the noble Lord Strasburger on 3 July 2013, Official Report, column WA238. I am obviously not able to comment on the activities of foreign governments. Regarding GCHQ's alleged interception of communications under the US PRISM programme, the Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament has concluded that GCHQ has not circumvented UK law or attempted to do so.

[holding answer 17 June 2013]: Her Majesty's Gracious Speech on 8 May stated that:

'In relation to the problem of matching internet protocol addresses, my Government will bring forward proposals to enable the protection of the public and the investigation of crime in cyberspace.'

The Government is looking closely at this issue, and is consulting communications service providers and technical experts in order to ensure that our proposed solution will be both technically and economically viable. We will bring forward proposals in due course.

[holding answer 3 June 2013]: Communications data are used in the investigations of 95% of all serious and organised crime. In a recent study conducted by the Crown Prosecution Service, communications data were also used in 95% of prosecutions by their organised crime division between July 2012 and February 2013.

However, detailed information relating to all prosecutions and convictions involving communications data is not collected centrally and could be collated only at disproportionate cost.

[holding answer 3 June 2013]: Detailed information about the number of requests made for communications data under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 is contained in the Annual Reports of the Interception of Communications Commissioner. Copies of the reports have been placed in the Library of the House and the most recent report covering 2011 is available at:

http://www.intelligencecommissioners.com/docs/0496.pdf

Detailed statistics on the types of investigations for which communications data were requested is not available.